Michael Mandelbaum is professor emeritus of American foreign policy at Johns Hopkins University's Nitze School of Advanced International Studies and author of the book Mission Failure: America and the World in the Post-Cold War Era (2016). A former senior fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations, he has appeared frequently on major television news outlets and written numerous books on American foreign policy, including That Used to Be Us (coauthored with Thomas Friedman, 2011). He is a member of the Institute's Board of Advisors.